Published on
August 23, 2025
In a significant move to strengthen wildlife conservation, India is expanding the Sundarbans Tiger Reserve in West Bengal, making it the country’s second-largest tiger reserve. This expansion, approved by the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL), adds 1,044.68 square kilometers to the reserve, bringing its total area to 3,629.57 square kilometers. The new addition will incorporate three ranges — Matla, Raidighi, and Ramganga — from the South 24 Parganas district, areas that are already home to tigers.
This expansion is a major milestone in the protection of India’s unique tiger population, particularly the Sundarbans’ mangrove-dwelling tigers, a subspecies known for its rare adaptation to the coastal mangrove ecosystem. The move is seen as essential for improving conservation efforts, enhancing coordination among forest staff, and streamlining management within the reserve. It also supports increased central funding for future conservation activities, ensuring a more robust protection plan for both the wildlife and the ecosystem.
Key Expansion Details: Ensuring Better Protection for Wildlife
The newly added areas are not unfamiliar to the tiger population. Tigers have often moved in and out of the current reserve boundaries, and in 2022, 81 tigers were recorded within the reserve, with another 20 residing outside it. This fluid movement emphasizes the need to consolidate the reserve’s boundaries, ensuring greater protection for the tigers and other wildlife. By formally bringing these areas under the reserve’s management, the government aims to reduce conflicts between wildlife and human habitation while safeguarding the tigers’ natural habitat.
The expansion of the Sundarbans Tiger Reserve will also benefit the surrounding communities. It will help to preserve the region’s delicate mangrove forests, which are vital for protecting local villages from cyclones and rising sea levels. The government’s increased focus on this area will ensure that these ecosystems are preserved for future generations, balancing conservation goals with the livelihood needs of local residents.
India’s Internationally Recognized Wildlife Reserves
The Sundarbans Tiger Reserve is not the only globally recognized wildlife reserve in India. India is home to several iconic conservation areas that are celebrated worldwide for their biodiversity and ecological value. Among them is the Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve, the largest in India, spanning 3,728 square kilometers across Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. This reserve is renowned for its rich biodiversity, offering a sanctuary to tigers, leopards, and a variety of other wildlife species.
Another notable reserve is Kaziranga National Park, located in Assam. This UNESCO World Heritage Site is famous for its one-horned rhinoceroses and diverse ecosystems, attracting wildlife enthusiasts and photographers from all over the world. These reserves, along with Sundarbans, play a critical role in India’s wildlife conservation efforts and enhance the country’s reputation as a top destination for eco-tourism.
Wildlife Tourism Growth in India: A Rising Trend
India’s wildlife tourism sector has been experiencing a period of rapid growth, with increased interest from both domestic and international travelers. The country’s rich biodiversity, combined with its national parks and tiger reserves, has made it one of the world’s most sought-after destinations for wildlife enthusiasts.
Market Growth: A Bright Future for Wildlife Tourism
India’s wildlife tourism market is projected to reach USD 21.66 billion by 2030, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.8% from 2024 to 2030. This growth is driven by increasing awareness about eco-tourism and the rising demand for sustainable travel experiences. Tourists are increasingly seeking destinations where they can connect with nature while supporting conservation efforts.
India’s focus on protecting its wildlife and improving tourist experiences in national parks is fueling this growth. As more travelers seek out responsible and sustainable travel experiences, India is positioning itself as a leader in the eco-tourism and wildlife tourism sectors.
Safari Tourism: The Demand for Eco-Friendly Packages
Safari tourism, a key component of wildlife tourism, is expected to grow at a rate of 6.4% in the first half of 2025. This growth is being driven by the rise of eco-friendly safari packages and the increasing popularity of lesser-known wildlife destinations. These off-the-beaten-path locations offer tourists the opportunity to experience wildlife in more natural, less commercialized environments. As the demand for such eco-friendly tourism experiences continues to rise, more tour operators are offering sustainable safari packages, including those in the Sundarbans and other tiger reserves.
Infrastructure Development and Government Initiatives
The Indian government is actively investing in infrastructure development to support the growth of wildlife tourism. A $474 million initiative to develop over 100 new tourist destinations, many of which will be wildlife-focused, is expected to enhance eco-tourism and create jobs. This investment is part of a broader effort to improve the country’s tourism infrastructure, making wildlife reserves and national parks more accessible to both domestic and international tourists.
The growth in wildlife tourism is not only beneficial for the conservation of India’s wildlife but also helps to promote rural development. By attracting more tourists to wildlife areas, the government aims to create economic opportunities for local communities through eco-tourism and related industries, such as hospitality, transportation, and local handicrafts.
The Role of Wildlife Conservation in Sustainable Development
The expansion of the Sundarbans Tiger Reserve and other initiatives in India’s wildlife tourism sector are aligned with the country’s broader goals for sustainable development. Wildlife conservation plays a vital role in maintaining the health of ecosystems and supporting biodiversity, both of which are crucial for ensuring the long-term well-being of the environment.
Sustainable tourism practices, such as responsible safari tours, wildlife photography, and community-based eco-tourism, are helping to fund conservation efforts and provide economic benefits to local communities. These efforts are increasingly being recognized by travelers, who are more conscious of the environmental and social impacts of their travel choices.
Looking Ahead: The Future of Wildlife Tourism in India
The future of wildlife tourism in India looks promising, with continued growth expected in the coming years. As more tiger reserves, national parks, and wildlife sanctuaries are developed and protected, India’s appeal as a destination for wildlife tourism will only continue to rise. The Sundarbans Tiger Reserve’s expansion is a key example of how the country is working to preserve its natural heritage while enhancing its tourism offerings.
The combination of growing international interest, government support for eco-tourism, and a focus on sustainability positions India as one of the leading wildlife tourism destinations in the world. As travelers increasingly seek out destinations that offer meaningful, eco-friendly experiences, India’s wildlife reserves and conservation efforts will play an essential role in shaping the future of global eco-tourism.
Conclusion: A Vision for Wildlife and Eco-Tourism in India
The expansion of the Sundarbans Tiger Reserve and India’s overall focus on wildlife tourism reflect the country’s commitment to conservation and sustainable development. As the demand for eco-tourism grows, India is well-positioned to attract more visitors to its iconic national parks and reserves. With its rich biodiversity and ongoing conservation efforts, India will continue to be a top destination for wildlife enthusiasts and eco-tourists, ensuring that future generations can enjoy the country’s natural beauty.
